What is Animal Abuse and Cruelty?
Signs of animal abuse may vary depending on the situation. Witnessing someone beating, hurting, or harming an animal is an obvious telltale sign. Seeing a pet left in a hot car during the summer or chained up outside may be more signs. Or noticing if the animal’s coat is full of fleas and ticks or bones protruding from the body, which indicates neglect.
However, these are not the only signs. A fearful animal, one that seems to shrink away from people and situations, is powerful evidence of abuse. Be aware of owner behavior as well. Indications of possible abuse include if an owner seems aggressive or indifferent to an animal’s welfare. Watch how families react around each other since cruel owners may use pets as leverage against victims. Does the owner or family have pets for a very short time and then introduce a new pet? These are all signs of possible abuse and neglect.
Reporting Animal Cruelty (By State)
Signs of abuse
Physical factors include:
- A too-tight collar or open wounds indicating injury show a lack of veterinary service and may cause dangerous infection if left untreated.
- Fleas or ticks covering the animal’s body. External parasites pose very real risks to animals.
- Skin disorders, like rashes or bumps, can indicate untreated health issues.
- Under or overweight to the point the animal is unable to move. Limping or obvious signs of discomfort when attempting to move.
- Leaky, discharging body fluid. Eyes offer the more obvious sign of infection.
- Dirty or matted coats prohibiting the animal’s movements. Dirty nails, ears, and noses are not considered normal.
- Weakness or inability to breathe normally. Animals are prone to many diseases and this may indicate a major health problem.
- Fear of humans. If an animal is scared of human contact, acting aggressive or cowering, including the owner.
- Malnutrition leads to a higher chance of physical discomfort and health complications. Signs of food aggression and resource guarding in an animal may indicate a lack of consistent meals.
Environmental clues to be on the lookout for:
- Animals locked in cages outside with little human contact. Animals may be kept in a very small area, unable to move around with multiple pets in the limited space. This is often a sign of backyard breeders, who may supply a pet store with animals for sale.
- Hoarders, where the owner loses track of the number of animals in house and the house is often in disrepair, filled with feces and garbage.
- Dirty or unclean food and water bowls. Brackish water breeds many parasites that may harm animals.
- A lack of food or water near the animal.
- Leaving animals outside in bad weather, such as high heat or freezing rain or snow.
- Chained up for very long periods of time with little human contact. This includes using cement blocks and poles as weights around the neck, which may indicate dogfighting.
- Animals left alone after a family moves or released right before moving. Oftentimes the animals are left to fight for scraps and cannot defend themselves when placed outside.
How to help
If you witness any evidence of mistreatment, please contact your local animal control facility or humane organization immediately. The officers help maintain the quality of life for animals and are backed by municipal, state, and federal statutes.
If possible, document the evidence for the officers and be willing to speak up in court should testimony be necessary. Take photographs, write down date/times, and remember that documentation may be used in a court of law. Neglectful and cruel owners may receive a felony charge if convicted.
Additionally, psychological research indicates a connection between animal and human abuse, so speaking up may save more than an animal’s life. The Animal Law and Legal Center notes 30 states that include animals under temporary protection orders.
And if you know of a dogfighting ring, please call the national Humane Society hotline at 1-877-847-4787. To report any puppy or kitten mill information, call 1-877-645-5847. Criminal behavior doesn’t stop when the match ends or a pet is carried out of a pet store.
Click on a state above to view contact information for local animal welfare resources. Not every state will have dedicated authorities, but the local sources are always a good place to start. Remember, if an animal is in immediate danger do not hesitate to call 911 for immediate assistance. Your actions may save a life.
Greater Birmingham Human Society
Mobile SPCA
Anchorage Animal Care & Control Center
Gastineau Humane Society
Matanuska-Susitna Borough
Animal Crimes Investigations Unit, Maricopa County
Animal Cruelty Taskforce of Southern Arizona
Arizona Department of Agriculture (livestock)
Arizona Humane Society (Phoenix, Scottsdale, Tempe)
Yavapai County Sheriff’s Office Animal Control
Fayetteville and Washington County
Humane Society of the Ozarks
Jonesboro Police Department
Little Rock Animal Services
Los Angeles Animal Services
Oakland Animal Services
Orange County Animal Care Services
Orange County SPCA
Peninsula Humane Society & SPCA
Sacramento Animal Care
San Diego Humane Society
San Jose Animal Services
Santa Cruz Animal Shelter
SPCA of Monterey County
Colorado Department of Agriculture
Colorado Humane Society & SPCA
Colorado LINK Project
Crime Stoppers (statewide)
Dumb Friends League
Humane Society Pikes Peak Region
La Plata County Humane Society
Larimer Humane Society
Connecticut Department of Agriculture's Animal Control Division
Delaware Office of Animal Welfare
Florida [statutes]
The State of Florida recommends contacting local animal control and sheriff departments. For local enforcement numbers, please visit http://arff.org/report-abuse.
Florida Keys SPCA
Humane Society of Broward County
Note: The State of Georgia requests all information be given to local animal control and sheriff departments.
Georgia Department of Agriculture
Hawaiian Humane Society
Hawaii Island Humane Society
Kauai Humane Society
Maui Humane Society
Bingham County Humane Society
Idaho Humane Society (Ada County)
Animal Welfare League
Illinois Humane Society
The Anti-Cruelty Society
Indiana Alliance of Animal Control and Welfare Organizations
Animal Rescue League of Iowa
Johnson County Human Society
Lawrence Human Society
Topeka Animal Control
For local enforcement numbers, please visit http://kaco.org/en/county-information/county-websites.aspx.
Owensboro Humane Society
Cenla Alliance for Animal (CAFA)
Grace’s Home
Louisiana Animal Welfare Commission
Louisiana SPCA
For local enforcement numbers, please visit
http://www.maine.gov/local.
Animal Welfare Office
For local enforcement numbers, please visit
http://www.dpscs.maryland.gov/onlineservs/sor/local_law_enforcement_agencies.shtml.
SPCA/Humane Society of Saint George’s County
Animal Rescue League Boston Law Enforcement Division
MSPCA-Angell
For local enforcement numbers, please visit https://www.michigan.gov/documents/mda/Licensed_Animal_Shelter_List_By_County_Report_222946_7.pdf.
Humane Society of Huron Valley
Michigan Humane Society
Animal Humane Society
Mississippi Animal Rescue League
To reach local authorities call 314-647-4400.
Attorney General
Citizens' Service Bureau (St. Louis)
Humane Society of Missouri
Lewis and Clark Humane Society
Musselshell County Sheriff Department
Note: Please file a report with local law enforcement officers.
Nebraska Humane Society (Omaha and Sarpy County)
Please file a report with local law enforcement officers.
Note: Nevada judges may include pets in a
temporary protection order for domestic violence.
Las Vegas Valley Humane Society
Nevada Humane Society (Carson City, Reno)
Washoe County
Note: all complaints must be filed with local law enforcement agencies.
Animal Rescue League of New Hampshire
New Hampshire Society for the Prevention of Cruelty
Note: Please file a report with local law enforcement officers.
Animal Protection League of New Jersey
Bergen County SPCA
Monmouth County SPCA
New Jersey SPCA
State of New Jersey
Note: Please file a report with local law enforcement officers.
Bernalillo County Animal Cruelty Task Force
Santa Fe Animal Shelter and Humane Society
Note: Please file a report with local law enforcement officers. To report state dog fighting rings, please call 1-866-697-3444.
Central New York SPCA
Hudson Valley SPCA Humane Law Enforcement
Mohawk Hudson Humane Society
Nassau County SPCA
New York Police Department (NYPD)
SPCA of Westchester
Suffolk County SPCA
North Carolina [statutes]
Note: Per state request, please file a report with local law enforcement officers. You may also contact the Animal Welfare Department at 919-707-3250.
Outer Banks SPCA
Note: Please file a report with local law enforcement officers.
Fargo Community Service Officers
Minot Animal Control
Note: Please file a report with local law enforcement officers.
Capital Area Humane Society
Fairfield Area Humane Society
Franklin County Capital Area Humane Society
Humane Society of Adams County Animal Shelter
Humane Society of Delaware County
Humane Society Serving Crawford County
Licking County Humane Society
PAWSibilities®, Humane Society of Greater Akron
Seneca County Humane Society
Toledo Area Humane Society
Union County Animal Cruelty Task Force of Ohio
Note: Please file a report with local law enforcement officers. To view state-licensed shelters in your area, visit http://app.ag.ok.gov/petlicensing/.
Animal Welfare Home (Oklahoma City)
Poteau Valley Humane Society
Tulsa SPCA
Note: Please file a report with local law enforcement officers.
Clackamas County
Multnomah County Animal Services
Oregon Humane Society
Tillamook Animal Shelter
Note: Please file a report with local law enforcement officers.
ACCT Philly
Animal Friends
Crawford County Humane Society
Chester County SPCA
Humane Society of Greene County
Humane Society of Northwestern Pennsylvania
Lycoming County SPCA
Pennsylvania SPCA
Western Pennsylvania SPCA
Note: Please file a report with local law enforcement officers.
Rhode Island Society for the Prevention of Cruelty
South Carolina [statutes]
Note: Please file a report with local law enforcement officers.
Anderson County Humane Society
The Humane Society (Columbia)
Note: Please file a report with local law enforcement officers.
Aberdeen Area Humane Society
Humane Society of the Black Hills
Note: Please file a report with local law enforcement officers.
Humane Educational Society
Union County Humane Society
McMinn Regional Humane Society
Sevier County Humane Society
Note: Please file a report with local law enforcement officers.
Austin Animal Services
Houston SPCA
Humane Society of North Texas
Humane Society of North Texas
San Antonio Humane Society
Wilbarger Humane Society
Note: Please file a report with local law enforcement officers.
Humane Society of Utah
Note: Please file a report with local law enforcement officers.
Vermont Humane Federation
Note: Please file a report with local law enforcement officers.
Pulaski County Humane Society
Note: Please file a report with local law enforcement officers.
Blue Mountain Humane Society
Whatcom Humane Society
Washington, D.C. [statutes]
Note: Please file a report with local law enforcement officers.
Washington Humane Society
Note: Please file a report with local law enforcement officers.
Humane Society of Parkersburg
Kanawha-Charleston Humane Association
Note: Please file a report with local law enforcement officers.
Elmbrook Humane Society Inc
Humane Society of Marathon County
Iowa County Humane Society
Note: Please file a report with local law enforcement officers.
Cheyenne Animal Shelter